Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a Gram-negative bacterium significantly associated with periodontal diseases such as aggressive periodontitis. This bacterium adheres to dental surfaces and invades oral tissues, instigating inflammation and the degradation of tooth-supporting structures. Its virulence factors, such as leukotoxin and cytolethal distending toxin, promote tissue damage and aid in evading the immune response. A salivary test such as HR5 can be an effective tool for detecting the presence and quantifying the bacterial load of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, facilitating targeted interventions to mitigate its impact. Beyond oral health, this bacterium is linked to systemic conditions, including endocarditis, and has potential associations with rheumatoid arthritis and coronary artery disease, underscoring its ability to influence systemic health significantly. These connections highlight the critical need for comprehensive health management strategies that address the potential wide-reaching effects of oral pathogens like Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.